РУАЭСТ (RUAEST)
ABOUT ZEARALENONE LEVELS IN GRASS FODDERS AND TOXINE PRODUCING ACTIVITY OF FUSARIUM FUNGI
Zearalenone, the Fusarium fungi metabolite with an estrogenic effect, can lead to significant economic losses in livestock due to fodder contamination. Pasture herbage and fodders from dried pasture plants can really cause intoxication. However, the reasons and mechanism of abnormally high accumulation of zearalenone in these fodders are not still found out. In this article we summarized the data on investigation of frequency and the level of zearalenone contamination in wild herbage and in hay. Also the ability to produce this mycotoxin was studied in vitro in 13 Fusarium strains from laboratory collection. Hay samples from different farms of 30 regions in Moscow Province were prepared from 120 hay batches in 2013. A total of 211 samples of wild herbage including (Calamagrostis, dogstail grass, Anthoxanthum, reed canary grass, hedgehog, fire, bluegrass, fescue, bentgrass, bluegrass, timothy, foxtail) were collected in Kashirskii, Noginskii and Ruzskii regions of Moscow Province in 2014 from June to September. A total of 427 samples of pasture grasses were also repeatedly collected in North Karelia, Leningradskaya, Tverskaya and Astrakhanskaya provinces from 1998 to 2014 at different frequency for different plant species. In these samples, along with commonly grown grasses such as Bromus, bluegrass, fescue, bluegrass, timothy, some local plants were found, particularly reed, reed canary grass, hedgehog, bent grass, reeds, Leymus, dogtail grass, oats, ryegrass, clover, rank, peas, vetch, rye, pampasskaya grass, foxtail, alfalfa. An uneven zearalenone contamination of pasture grasses with rare overcontamination cases was shown to occur to the end of vegetation.