Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV infects about 170 million people worldwide (3% of the world’s population) and is recognized as a major public health problem. Like Egypt, central Africa is considered a high-prevalence region, antibodies against HCV being detected in more than 6% of the population. We investigated in the last years the prevalence, genotype distribution and epidemic history of HCV in the Gabonese general population as well as in pregnant women in central Africa